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''Mycobacterium avium'' complex (MAC) is a group of genetically related bacterium belonging to the genus ''Mycobacterium''. It includes ''Mycobacterium avium'' and ''Mycobacterium intracellulare''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Disease Listing, ''Mycobacterium avium Complex'' )〕 Some sources also include ''Mycobacterium avium'' subspecies ''paratuberculosis'' (MAP). ''Mycobacterium avium complex'' (MAC) include ubiquitous atypical bacterium found in the environment which can infect patients with HIV and low CD4 cell count (below 100/microliter); mode of infection is usually inhalation or ingestion. MAC causes disseminated disease in up to 40% of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States, producing fever, sweats, weight loss, and anemia. Disseminated MAC characteristically affects patients with advanced HIV disease and peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts less than 100 cells/uL. Effective prevention and therapy of MAC has the potential to contribute substantially to improved quality of life and duration of survival for HIV-infected persons. == Diagnosis == Disseminated MAC is most readily diagnosed by one positive blood culture. Blood cultures should be performed in patients with symptoms, signs, or laboratory abnormalities compatible with mycobacterium infection. Blood cultures are not routinely recommended for asymptomatic persons, even for those who have CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts less than 100 cells/uL.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mycobacterium avium complex」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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